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El actual máximo del ciclo solar está aumentando la frecuencia de las auroras boreales y creando oportunidades poco comunes para observarlas desde un mayor número de destinos en Norteamérica y Europa. Imagen: Jón T Jónsson / Pexels.


Hemisphere
HEMISPHERE -------------------------------3163TRIP IDEAS

Persiguiendo la aurora boreal en pleno verano

Una inusual actividad solar ofrece nuevas oportunidades para vivir uno de los mayores espectáculos naturales del planeta

Para muchos viajeros, observar la aurora boreal es una experiencia reservada para las largas noches del invierno ártico. Sin embargo, la intensa actividad del Sol durante el actual máximo de su ciclo de once años está cambiando esa percepción. Los expertos en meteorología espacial anticipan nuevas oportunidades para contemplar este fenómeno incluso durante el verano boreal, cuando tormentas geomagnéticas moderadas pueden hacer visibles las luces del norte en regiones donde normalmente no aparecen en esta época del año.

La aurora boreal se produce cuando partículas cargadas emitidas por el Sol chocan con el campo magnético terrestre y excitan átomos de oxígeno y nitrógeno en la atmósfera, generando cortinas de luz verde, púrpura, roja y azul que parecen moverse sobre el cielo nocturno. Durante el actual máximo solar, previsto para 2025-2026, estas interacciones son mucho más frecuentes, incrementando considerablemente las posibilidades de observar auroras fuera de las zonas polares tradicionales.

Uno de los factores que más está llamando la atención de astrónomos y viajeros es que las auroras ya no se limitan exclusivamente a Alaska, Islandia o el norte de Escandinavia. Cuando se presentan tormentas geomagnéticas de categoría G1 o superior, el óvalo auroral puede desplazarse cientos de kilómetros hacia el sur, permitiendo observaciones en partes del norte de Estados Unidos, el sur de Canadá e incluso, durante eventos muy intensos, en latitudes mucho más bajas.

Para quienes desean planificar un viaje dedicado a este espectáculo, algunos destinos mantienen ventajas claras durante gran parte del año. Fairbanks (Alaska) registra alrededor de 200 noches con posibilidad de auroras anualmente. Yellowknife, en los Territorios del Noroeste de Canadá, disfruta de aproximadamente 240 noches despejadas al año, una de las tasas más altas del mundo para la observación astronómica. En Europa, Abisko, en el norte de Suecia, destaca por su conocido "Blue Hole", un microclima que reduce la nubosidad y aumenta significativamente las probabilidades de cielos despejados.

Cuándo viajar

Aunque la temporada clásica se extiende entre septiembre y marzo, los episodios de intensa actividad solar pueden generar auroras visibles en otras épocas del año cuando las noches son suficientemente oscuras. Los especialistas recomiendan consultar diariamente los pronósticos del NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center, que actualiza la intensidad de las tormentas geomagnéticas y el índice Kp, utilizado internacionalmente para estimar la probabilidad de observación. Un índice Kp 5 o superior suele indicar buenas condiciones para que las auroras sean visibles en latitudes más bajas de lo habitual.

Cómo aumentar las posibilidades de verlas

La ubicación resulta tan importante como la actividad solar. Los mejores resultados se obtienen lejos de ciudades y contaminación lumínica, con un horizonte despejado hacia el norte y cielos completamente despejados. Los expertos recomiendan permanecer al menos entre 30 y 60 minutos en oscuridad total para que la vista se adapte plenamente, ya que las auroras débiles pueden ser casi imperceptibles durante los primeros minutos. Además, muchas cámaras y teléfonos inteligentes con modo nocturno logran captar colores mucho más intensos que los visibles a simple vista.

El creciente interés por este fenómeno también ha impulsado el turismo astronómico. Según diversas oficinas de turismo del norte de Europa y Canadá, miles de viajeros programan cada año sus vacaciones específicamente para observar auroras, generando una importante actividad económica para hoteles, operadores turísticos, fotógrafos especializados y comunidades ubicadas cerca del Círculo Polar Ártico. En lugares como Finlandia, Noruega e Islandia, la observación de auroras ya forma parte de algunos de los productos turísticos más demandados durante la temporada invernal.

Con el Sol atravesando uno de sus períodos de mayor actividad en más de una década, los próximos meses podrían seguir ofreciendo oportunidades poco habituales para contemplar este espectáculo natural. Para quienes siempre han soñado con ver el cielo iluminado por las luces del norte, este ciclo solar representa una de las mejores oportunidades de los últimos años para convertir ese viaje en realidad.

By Heydi Bernal for Ruta Pantera on 7/22/2026 8:27:56 AM

×
References:
People. (21 de julio de 2026). How to Watch the Northern Lights from 10 States Tonight.
NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center. Aurora Forecast.
People. (2026). The Best Places to See the Northern Lights in 2026.
NASA. Aurora and Space Weather Resources.


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