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HEMISPHERE ------------------------------------------1047[BUSINESS FEATURE]

Security and Tourism: The Cost of a Tough Approach

Safety May Attract Visitors, but Restrictions on Freedoms, Migration or Protest Also Change the Perception of the Destination.

By Estefanía Muriel for Ruta Pantera on 10/8/2026 11:36:15 AM

What happens when a government turns security into a bargaining chip to attract investment and visitors? In Latin America, that question is no longer theoretical. El Salvador links its offensive against gangs to the tourism boom; Ecuador expands its military deployment against organized crime; Colombia begins a hardline government; Argentina maintains a protocol to contain road blockades, while the United States faces a decline in international tourism associated with immigration and trade policies.

For hotels, airlines, tour operators, and event organizers, the problem isn't choosing between security and freedom. It's measuring how each government decision alters perceived risk, mobility, and reputation. A visitor might value quieter streets and avoid a country if they fear border controls, suppressed protests, or uncertainty. Security is also a market variable. The five cases do not form a homogeneous group: there are states of emergency, military deployments, changes in policies against armed groups, and controls on protests. Their tourism outcomes also do not allow for a simple conclusion. If tourism increases, security may be part of the explanation, but not the only one. If it falls, prices, connectivity, exchange rates, visas, and international relations also play a role.

El Salvador: Security Turned Into a Tourist Asset

El Salvador offers the most direct example. Between January and July 2026, it received 2.9 million international visitors, 24% more than in the same period of 2025, according to official figures released by the government. The government attributes the growth to security, but the data does not demonstrate causality. Promotion, surfing, connectivity, and the tourism offerings also play a role.

The state of emergency has been in effect since March 2022 and has suspended due process guarantees. Human Rights Watch documents arbitrary detentions, enforced disappearances, torture, and other human rights violations, while also noting the sharp reduction in violence reported by the authorities. For the tourism industry, a perception of greater security could increase demand, but human rights abuses could negatively impact markets and segments.

Ecuador presents a different kind of tension. On June 18, 2026, 13,000 military personnel were deployed in Guayas, Manabí, Los Ríos, and El Oro provinces following a new state of emergency. The Constitutional Court had warned that the justification of internal armed conflict was not substantiated and that exceptional circumstances should not replace ordinary policies. Quito registered 418,444 non-resident visitors in the first half of 2026, exceeding the figures for 2019.
Colombia, the United States, and Argentina: Three Different Routes

Colombia also has a specific sectoral policy on tourism security. Abelardo de la Espriella assumed the presidency on August 7, 2016, and subsequently ended three dialogue processes with armed groups. For the tourism sector, it is still too early to attribute changes to this policy. The Ministry of Trade, Industry and Tourism (MinCIT) reported more than 24 million non-resident visitors through July, before the full impact of the new direction could be assessed.

In the United States, the link is more indirect and offers a business warning. In 2025, the country recorded 68.3 million international visitors, representing a 5.5% decrease compared to 2024. The OECD tracks the economic weight of tourism, while legislative analyses have linked the sector's concerns to visa wait times, stricter immigration policies, potential tariffs, and other government decisions. In 2026, the projected recovery remains sensitive to political conditions.

Argentina presents a different scenario. The Protocol for Maintaining Public Order in the Event of Road Blockades, approved by Resolution 943/2023, authorizes the intervention of federal forces in cases of road blockades or obstructions under federal jurisdiction. The government justifies it as a tool to preserve order and mobility, while organizations such as Amnesty International and CELS question its impact on the right to protest. In August 2026, 432,900 non-resident tourists entered the country, an 8.9% year-on-year increase; if day-trippers are included, the total number of non-resident visitors was 733,900, representing a 10.4% increase. These figures do not allow us to attribute the tourism growth to the protocol.

Security, Control and the New Tourism Equation The business question is where security ends and control begins. Governments argue that reclaiming streets, borders, or territories reduces crime and boosts the economy. Critics counter that prolonged exceptional measures or restrictions on protest can weaken institutional controls. For tourism, both variables matter: physical security, predictable rules, protected rights, and a reputation compatible with source markets.

Regional visitors may prioritize price, connectivity, and everyday safety; long-haul travelers may consider visas, reputation, and stability. Hotels and restaurants benefit from the flow of visitors, but airlines and tour operators need consistent routes and demand. Major events demand visible security without controls that detract from the international experience.

The signal for businesses isn't just the number of tourists. It's important to monitor hotel occupancy, airline capacity, border crossing times, cancellations, travel advisories, protests, violence against visitors, and regulatory changes. Tourism can grow under hardline governments and decline under policies not directly related to crime. The business conclusion is simple: security may attract visitors, but predictability sustains the business.

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References:
Legislative Assembly of El Salvador. (2026). Decree extending the state of emergency. Legislative Assembly of El Salvador. https://www.asamblea.gob.sv/node/14085
Center for Legal and Social Studies. (2026, April). The Federal Administrative Appeals Court has severely restricted the right to protest. CELS. https://www.cels.org.ar/web/en/2026/04/the-federal-administrative-appeals-court-has-severely-restricted-the-right-to-protest/
Constitutional Court of Ecuador. (2025, March 5). Constitutional review of Executive Decree 493. Constitutional Court of Ecuador. https://www.corteconstitucional.gob.ec/control-de-constitucionalidad-del-decreto-ejecutivo-de-estado-de-excepcion-493/
El Salvador.com. (2026). El Salvador surpasses 2.8 million international visitors through July and experiences a rise in vacation tourism. El Salvador.com. https://www.elsalvador.com/turismo/rutas-y-aventuras/turismo-el-salvador-millones-visitantes/1290320/2026/
Human Rights Watch. (2026). World Report 2026: El Salvador. Human Rights Watch. https://www.hrw.org/es/world-report/2026/country-chapters/el-salvador
Infobae. (2026, August 9). El Salvador surpasses 2.8 million international visitors through July and experiences a rise in vacation tourism. Infobae. https://www.infobae.com/el-salvador/2026/08/09/el-salvador-supera-los-28-millones-de-visitantes-internacionales-hasta-julio-y-experimenta-alza-en-el-turismo-vacacional/
National Institute of Statistics and Censuses. (2026). International Tourism Statistics. INDEC. https://www.indec.gob.ar/indec/web/Nivel3-Tema-3-13
National Institute of Statistics and Censuses. (2026, September). International Tourism Statistics. August 2026. INDEC. https://www.indec.gob.ar/uploads/informesdeprensa/eti_09_2658FB61A61B.pdf
Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism. (2026). Colombia surpasses 24 million non-resident visitors and consolidates tourism as an engine of the national economy. MinCIT. https://www.mincit.gov.co/prensa/noticias/turismo/colombia-consolida-turismo-motor-economia-nacional
Argentine News. (February 18, 2026). National strike: The Government confirmed it will apply the anti-protest protocol. Argentine News. https://noticiasargentinas.com/politica/paro-nacional--el-gobierno-confirmo-que-aplicara-el-protocolo-antipiquetes_a699637e5c331fb2518139a46
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2026). OECD Tourism Trends and Policies 2026: United States. OECD. https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/oecd-tourism-trends-and-policies-2026_3fd3cd75-en/full-report/united-states_59baf3c3.html
Presidency of the Republic of Colombia. (2026, August 30). President De La Espriella's Government Ends Three Processes of False Dialogue with Armed Groups. Presidency of Colombia. https://www.presidencia.gov.co/prensa/Paginas/Gobierno-del-Presidente-De-La-Espriella-pone-fin-a-tres-processos-de-falso-260830.aspx
Primicias. (2026, June 18). Armed Forces deploy military personnel in four provinces with the highest concentration of homicides. Primicias. https://www.primicias.ec/seguro/fuerzas-armadas-despliega-militares-cuatro-provincias-concentran-homicidios-ecuador-125780/
Quito Tourism. (2026). Quito strengthens as a tourist destination and enhances its international connectivity. Quito Tourism. https://turismo.quito.gob.ec/quito-se-fortalece-como-destino-turistico-y-poder-su-conectividad-internacional/
Yahoo News. (2026). Record in the first half of the year: arrival of foreign tourists. Yahoo News. https://es-us.noticias.yahoo.com/r%C3%A9cord-semestre-llegada-turistas-extranjeros-222200891.html


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